Electric Vehicle Routing with Public Charging Stations

We introduce the electric vehicle routing problem with public-private recharging strategy in which vehicles may recharge en route at public charging infrastructure as well a privately-owned depot. To hedge against uncertain demand stations, we design policies that anticipate station queue dynamics. leverage decomposition to identify good policies, including optimal static policy and fixed-route-based rollout dynamically respond observed queues. The also enables us establish dual bounds, providing measure of goodness for our policies. In computational experiments using real instances from industry, show value be within 10% bound. Furthermore, demonstrate significantly outperform industry-standard generally occurs central Our methods stand reduce operating costs associated vehicles, facilitating transition internal-combustion engine vehicles.